Epictetus
Average customer rating:
- Not what I was looking for.
- Very insightful and worth the time and money
- One of the best contemporary books on Stoicism and ancient philosophy in general
- Philosophy as praxis
- Grateful Autodidact.
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Epictetus: A Stoic and Socratic Guide to Life
A. A. Long
Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, USA
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Binding: Paperback
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- The Stoic Art of Living: Inner Resilience and Outer Results
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ASIN: 0199268851 |
Book Description
The philosophy of Epictetus, a freed slave in the Roman Empire, has been profoundly influential on Western thought: it offers not only stimulating ideas but practical guidance in living one's life. A. A. Long, a leading scholar of later ancient philosophy, gives the definitive presentation of the thought of Epictetus for a broad readership. Long's fresh and vivid translations of a selection of the best of Epictetus' discourses show that his ideas are as valuable and striking today as they were amost two thousand years ago. The translations are organized thematically within the framework of an authoritative introduction and commentary, which offer a way into this world for those new to it, and illuminating interpretations for those who already know it. Epictetus is known as one of the great Stoic thinkers. But he took the life and conversation of Socrates as his educational model. His Socratic allegiance, scarcely examined before, is a major theme of this ground-breaking book. Long shows how Epictetus offered his students a way of life premised on the values of personal autonomy and integrity. Never a sermonizer, Epictetus engages his students in brilliantly challenging dialogue; Long offers the first accessible study of his argumentative and rhetorical methods. This is a book for anyone interested in what we can learn from ancient philosophy about how to live our lives.
Customer Reviews:
Not what I was looking for........2007-05-30
In the introduction, A.A. Long wrote,
"...Epictetus often uses the vocative 'anthrope', literally '(O) human being' or (O) man'; but neither of these translations works in modern English. So I have preferred to write 'friend' or 'my friend'..."
This told me what I needed to know about A.A. Long's translation: it is not what I am looking for. Here, Long actually confesses to changing the substantive meaning of a phrase for the purpose of making it "work in modern English." It certainly is a substantive change, since one may logically conclude that all people who are "friend"/"my friend" are "human being/man", but not all who are "human being"/"man" are necessarily "friend"/"my friend". It is painfully obvious that "human being"/"man" is not a synonym for "friend"/my friend". When Epictetus chose to use the vocative "anthrope", he was purposefully addressing a broader group than "friend"/"my friend": he was addressing both "friend AND "non-friend". There is a profound, substantive difference between addressing an audience as "(O) man!/(O) human being" and addressing an audience as "Friend"/"My friend" That difference gives insight to the ideas of the speaker.
If A.A. Long has changed this, then what else has he changed? Maybe a lot, maybe nothing. But, I don't want to risk wasting my time -- there's too much to read without having to worry about whether a modern translator has been unfaithful to the substantive meaning.
Very insightful and worth the time and money.......2007-01-04
The book reads well and is full of information. It's like taking an entire course about Epictetus at a major university--becuase it is. I am a student at Tulane University and I just used this book for an Independent Study course on Epictetus. I designed the course myself. This book was the only one I needed to buy in order to get an A from my advisor whose discipline is in Ancient Philosophy. This is worth every penny if you are interesting in rediscovering the powerful message of the Stoic approach to life and happiness.
One of the best contemporary books on Stoicism and ancient philosophy in general.......2006-06-24
The great strength of A. A. Long's book on Epictetus is that Long views Epictetus, and Stoicism in general, as being firmly rooted in the broader tradition of ancient philosophy. This is reflected in his reference to Socrates in the book's title.
Throughout the book Long engagingly draws the reader into the world of philosophy as it was lived. Especially in the first half of the book Long emphasizes Epictetus' humanity - as well as that of his students. The result is that anyone who reads this book will, if they haven't already, be compelled to read Epictetus.
The two things that I wasn't crazy about are (1) Long's dismissal of the Epictetus' "Handbook" as unimportant (Long prefers to only look at the "Discourses"), and (2) the second half of the book is more technical and less fun to read than the first half. Long is, after all, a contemporary philsopher, and the second half of the book seems to be more aimed at his colleagues and students of academic philosophy rather than the general public.
Philosophy as praxis.......2005-09-07
This is a fine introduction to the thought of the ex-slave Epictetus. A.A. Long is a well-established specialist in the philosophical schools of the Hellenistic period. While professional philosophers have paid attention to the technical and "academic" side of this period, it is finally refreshing to see serious, thoughtful engagement with the practical and humanistic thinkers. Philosophy used to be a guide for living and perhaps it can be again some day. The work of Pierre Hadot, especially his studies on Marcus Aurelius or Plotinus, is also be recommended.
Grateful Autodidact........2005-03-24
Professor Long is an outstanding scholar, but as important, he is an excellent writer and a genuine pedagogue. Not content with a vehicle for academic display, he manages to produce an extremely readable book. I am most impressed with his obvious devotion to teaching, as his careful presentation makes evident. After reading this book, I am very impressed with Epictetus, but even more impressed with Professor Long. Thank you Sir.
Average customer rating:
- Timeless and Crucial Reading for Those Who Care.
- Outstanding book
- Good Ideas Presented
- Kidding Me?
- Awesome
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The Art of Living: The Classic Manual on Virtue, Happiness, and Effectiveness
Epictetus , and Sharon Lebell Epictetus
Manufacturer: HarperSanFrancisco
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ASIN: 006251346X
Release Date: 2004-05-04 |
Amazon.com
"Happiness and freedom begin with a clear understanding of one principle: Some things are within our control, and some things are not. It is only after you have faced up to this fundamental rule and learned to distinguish between what you can and can't control that inner tranquility and outer effectiveness become possible." The Stoic philosopher Epictetus was born on the eastern edges of the Roman Empire in A.D. 55, but The Art of Living is still perfectly suited for any contemporary self-help or recovery program. To prove the point, this modern interpretation by Sharon Lebell casts the teachings in up-to-date language, with phrases like "power broker" and "casual sex" popping up intermittently. But the core is still the same: Epictetus keeps the focus on progress over perfection, on accomplishing what can be accomplished and abandoning unproductive worry over what cannot.
Book Description
Epictetus was born into slavery about <small>A.D.</small> 55 in the eastern outreaches of the Roman Empire. Sold as a child and crippled from the beatings of his master, Epictetus was eventually freed, rising from his humble roots to establish an influential school of Stoic philosophy. Stressing that human beings cannot control life, only how they respond to it, Epictetus dedicated his life to outlining the simple way to happiness, fulfillment, and tranquility. By putting into practice the ninety-three witty, wise, and razor-sharp instructions that make up The Art of Living, readers learn to successfully meet the challenges of everyday life and face life's inevitable losses and disappointments with grace.</p>
Epictetus's teachings rank among the greatest wisdom texts of human civilization. Sharon Lebell presents this esteemed philosopher's invaluable insights for the first time in a splendidly down-to-earth rendition. The result is the West's first and best primer for living the best possible life -- as helpful in the twenty-first century as it was in the first.</p>
Customer Reviews:
Timeless and Crucial Reading for Those Who Care........2007-04-01
The Art of Living is a great compilation of wisdom as it was once expressed by Epictetus and has been presented by Sharon Lebell. I use this book for various purposes: to read when I need inspiration; to be confronted with the simple wisdom that is captured in daily occurrences, and as material to guide my students in management courses at various levels toward enhanced acceptance, understanding, and respect for life and the living.
This book has also determined the direction of my books "The Awakened Leader: One Simple Leadership Style That Works Every Time, Everywhere," and "Spirituality in the Workplace: What it is; Why it Matters; How to Make it Work for You" (co-authored with Dr. Satinder Dhiman and dr. Richard King).
The values presented in "The Art of Living" are not merely timeless. They are crucial for our sense of humility in a world where it's all about appearances and impression establishment.
The values of this book have been richly incorporated in both, "The Awakened Leader," and "Spirituality in the Workplace," with the intention to provide contemporary readers with useful material to remain a successful member of society, while not becoming victimized by it.
Outstanding book.......2007-03-27
This is one of the most valuable books that I own. The ideas in this book are remarkably incisive and perceptive. I've always found ancient philosophers like Socrates and Aristotle to be interesting, but none other seems so directly pertinent to everyday life. Many of his ideas show interesting parallels with Buddhism too.
As far as this paraphrased edition goes, I like that too. I have read other translated versions. Yes, it is not translated to the letter but it skilfully preserves the essence and meaning. The concepts are the same. It is also a lot more readable than any other version I have seen before. If you read this and feel inspired, then go consult a more literal translation. But read this one first.
Money spent on this book will not be wasted. These ideas are worth their weight in gold.
Good Ideas Presented.......2007-01-12
I appreciate the review, "Even Watered Down Epictetus Is A Treat." This version is perhaps watered down by academic standards, even errant in its conception. I like the book immensely, however, precisely because it is geared for contemporary audiences. I like the writing style and the risks Lebell takes in interpretation. She's no fundamentalist. The words are alive for our time, not for the sake of preserving academic sawdust.
Kidding Me?.......2006-10-31
This book is sham. Epitectus' name should not be on the cover. The author essentially wrote a self-help book and put a famous philosopher's name on it to move copies. Loose translation or not, I'm pretty sure Epitectus never used the world 'silly' and I doubt the Greeks spoke of 'celebrity' often. I feel like it's unethical for an author to riff off the great work of another, and then use their fame to sell books.
That aside, the author does a mediocre job at best. I'd say 40% of the rules are the same rule, just worded differently. "You don't control what happens, just how you happen to react." Great, that's good advice, but it's pretty much cut and dried.
And no matter how this thing looks on Amazon, it's about a 100 pages...and most of the pages have no more than 2-3 sentences on them. Condense it down, you're looking at 60 pages of writing--and not a word of it directly from Epictetus.
Do yourself a favor--out of respect for a great philosopher--and buy the primary text. Don't reward this hack of an author, who wastes people's time, money and emotions.
Awesome.......2006-08-12
This book is really such a treasure of a resource to keep by your side for the rest of your life. Consider it a necessary "road-map" on your personal journey.
Average customer rating:
- Not the best of Epictetus
- Fortitude, Temperance, Prudence, Justice
- A Lifesaver
- Epictetus goes well beyond Stoicism
- not the best translation available
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Enchiridion
Epictetus
Manufacturer: Prometheus Books
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- Meditations (Penguin Classics)
- The Emperor's Handbook: A New Translation of The Meditations
- The Art of Living: The Classic Manual on Virtue, Happiness, and Effectiveness
- Handbook of Epictetus
- Letters from a Stoic (Penguin Classics)
ASIN: 0879757035 |
Customer Reviews:
Not the best of Epictetus.......2007-02-21
I really love the philosophy of Epictetus and this book is no exception. However I found this work to be a little difficult to grasp. The ideas expressed were at times rather complex.
I much prefer a different work, A Manual for Living. I have written a review on that book and I found it much easier to understand. The ideas were much clearer. I strongly recommend A Manual for Living as a much better example of the work of Epictetus.
I suggest you read my other review before you buy this book.
Fortitude, Temperance, Prudence, Justice.......2006-06-21
The Enchiridion is the bridge between the old radical schools of Stoicism in the tradition of Zeno of Citium which taught to deny desire and defeat emotion to achieve 'eudaimonia' (excellence in temper) and the late era Stoicism which teaches us not to defeat emotion and desire but simply not to let it dominate prudent judgments, decisions and actions.
Epictetus' Stoic philosophy is a practical philosophy for life that focuses on understanding what causes us grief in our life and then detaching ourselves from that grief; removing from our lives unnecesary pains. The Enchiridion offers insightful and straightforward wisdom on how to endure misfortune by developing character and apatheia (clear judgment) by training ourselves in the Socratic lifestyle. The four cardinal virtues of such a lifestyle are sophrosyne (temperance/self-control), dikaiosyne (justice/righteousness/honesty/authenticity), sophia (prudence/wisdom), and andreia (fortitude/courage). When we dedicate our lives in the pursuit of virtue and not in the pursuit of gratifying our emotions, not only do we fulfill our duty within nature in achieving harmony amidst the community and earth but we also find how meaningless a good deal of the constant bickering, drama, dishonesty and insincerity of the mob really is.
A Stoic philosopher removes himself from addictions, a life centered around sex, inauthenticity, falsity, selfishness and actions which would unbalance the natural order or damage the community. At the heart of the Epictetus' philosophy is a sort of civic virtue that transcends nations and borders:
"If what philosophers say of the kinship of God and Men be true, what remains for men to do but as Socrates did:--never, when asked one's country, to answer, 'I am an Athenian or a Corinthian,' but 'I am a citizen of the world.'"
A Stoic looks beyond silly and proud displays of nationalism and instead accepts everyone for what they are, while striving to attain righteousness within himself. Stoics were the first philosophers to detest slavery. For Epictetus slavery is a thing which only occurs in the mind, when we allow ourselves to become a slave mentally. In fact all misfortunes are illusory things which only become misfortunate when we define them as being such. The core of the Stoic philosophy of the Enchiridion is realizing that nothing bad can happen to us, that we have no control over external things, and can only be concerned with controlling our own actions, decisions and judgments.
If we are not in control ourselves, we are a slave. For Epictetus, who was a slave before being a Roman-era Socrates, slavery is a mindset. We can maintain our diginity, charm, cheerfulness and character in the face of any disaster. He offers a interesting proposition: surely we would be angered if someone tried to control our body like a puppet, so why do we so easily hand our mind over to others when we are angered, in love or jealous? For Epictetus everything must be accounted for - and there is no physical circumstance, including death, which is unfortunate. In this we see a sort of proto-nihilism in the vein of Heraclitus - who was a heavy influence on the Stoics. Although Epictetus and the later Marcus Aurelius acknowledge a inpersonal divine force and logic manifesting itself behind all things (the Logos), they never presume that God has any influence in the roll of events and for all intents and purposes, suggest living as if this matter before us, shifting every constantly, is the only consideration. This nihilistic view which is within the Enchiridion is perfectly summed up in Marcus Aurelius' Meditations:
"Like seeing roasted meat and other dishes in front of you and suddenly realizing: This is a dead fish. A dead bird. A dead pig. Or that this noble vintage is grape juice., and the purple robes are sheep wool dyed with shellfish blood. Or making love - something rubbing against your penis, a brief seizure and a little cloudy liquid.
Perceptions like that - latching onto things and piercing through them, so we see what they really are. That's what we need to do all the time - all through our lives when things lay claim to our trust- to lay them bare and see how pointless they are, to strip away the legend that encrusts them."
When we understand the innate nature of things, which is nihilism (without any innate meaning), we can begin to avoid having our mind disturbed when they are changed or destroyed, for change is the only persistent nature of existence. How can we be disturbed when our favorite jug is destroyed, Epictetus proposes, if it is simply a piece of clay that we had no control over in the first place? We have control over nothing external, even our own bodies and immediate possessions. We only have control over our judgments, actions, decisions and how we decide to temper our lives with reason and logic. Agony occurs when we attempt to control what is not within our power to control (anything external to the mind) or when we expect external things to act in certain ways. We can only expect ourselves to act in a certain fashion.
Epictetus even says that we should not be disturbed when our wife or child dies - the person hasn't died, just the body, something we have no true control over. We have to evaluate why exactly we are being disturbed: because we will miss what they brought to our lives OR because they have gone to glory? The former is a greedy and irrational judgment, the latter should bring us no disturbance, but only joy, in the passing of the body and its rejoining of nature. How are we to ever presuppose what happens after death? For a Stoic this is entirely unimportant, the only thing that matters is a nihilistic philosophy of realism, attending to the matter at hand, as virtously as possible, as well as possible, and leaving the rest up to Fate, blaming no one, forever remaining generous of character, valuing friendship and maintaining our charm, charisma and apatheia (clear judgment) in the face of great disaster and misfortune.
Before this review is concluded I will showcase one quote that I believe is the quintessence of the Enchiridon and all Stoic philosophy. What Epictetus is about to say is also the quintessence of a Socratic life - one based on actions, not pretention and not words:
"Never call yourself a philosopher, nor talk a great deal among the unlearned about theorems, but act conformably to them. Thus, at an entertainment, don't talk how persons ought to eat, but eat as you ought. For remember that in this manner Socrates also universally avoided all ostentation. And when persons came to him and desired to be recommended by him to philosophers, he took and recommended them, so well did he bear being overlooked. So that if ever any talk should happen among the unlearned concerning philosophic theorems, be you, for the most part, silent. For there is great danger in immediately throwing out what you have not digested. And, if anyone tells you that you know nothing, and you are not nettled at it, then you may be sure that you have begun your business. For sheep don't throw up the grass to show the shepherds how much they have eaten; but, inwardly digesting their food, they outwardly produce wool and milk. Thus, therefore, do you likewise not show theorems to the unlearned, but the actions produced by them after they have been digested."
- Epictetus
A Lifesaver.......2006-04-30
For a small book, "Enchiridion" packs a huge punch.
The trappings of life may have changed immensely since Epictetus's time, but human nature remains essentialy the same. We still all too frequently get worked up over things we cannot control, or throw our hands in the air and refuse to make changes which are plainly within our ability. This book, then, reminds us of the futility of those behaviors and the necessity, instead, for some clear-eyed realizations.
Its lessons are simple but effective: some things are within our control, and some things aren't. It is foolish to get worked up over things which aren't in our control. Usually we aren't disturbed by events, but by our opinion of those events.
Taken together, these and other simple lessons offer a path to serenity and peace of mind at odds with, but far more pleasant than, the myriad anxieties of modern life. As a Christian, I found it perfectly complemented Jesus' Sermon on the Mount teachings about avoiding worry and retaliation. (I happened to read it while going through a career transition, and what could have been a turbulent and traumatic experience instead went rather smoothly, without the bitterness and hard feelings one might have expected.) Still, I think people from all belief systems will find themselves richly rewarded by its teachings.
This particular translation has its merits and quirks. Personally, I liked the rather brief introduction and the relative paucity of supplementary materials. Great books should stand or fall on their own merits, rather than on the blovating opinions of modern-day commentators. On the other hand, I didn't enjoy the translator's parenthetical explanations of words and phrases peppered throughout the text. They disrupted the flow of the reading and weren't always terribly necessary.
Still, I can't complain, for this book appeared at exactly the right time in my life, and it came with the exact advice I needed. If, like me, you frequently think you know everything, pick it up, and learn something.
Epictetus goes well beyond Stoicism.......2006-03-06
Epictetus Enchiridion
A great little book (Enchiridion means "handbook") that can be read in an hour or so-and that was precisely what Epictetus or the compiler, his student Arrian, intended. Epictetus, possibly the clearest of Stoic philosophers, provides a remarkable system of "dos and don'ts" for the seeker of wisdom. His ideas go well beyond Stoicism--I myself have heard management consultants quote his most significant idea: we should pursue things within our power and shun what is not within our power:
"In our power are opinion, movement toward a thing, desire, aversion (turning from a thing); and in a word, what are our own acts; not in our power are the body, property, reputation, offices (magisterial power), and in a word, whatever are not our own acts."
If you pursue things not in your power, "you will be hindered, you will lament, you will be disturbed, you will blame both gods and men."
Doesn't that about sum up most of the world's ills? The rest of the handbook provides the details about how to carry out this most important Stoic dictum.
Epictetus was a freed Roman slave born A.D. 55 in Phrygia, the Asian part of today's Turkey. With all philosophers (can't have those!) he was banned from Rome in 89 by Domitian and established his own school in Nicopolis in Greece. His student, Arrian, compiled two works, Discourses, which seems to record Epictetus' conversations with students, and this much shorter Enchiridion, or handbook, which is a kind of boiling down of the broader philosophy into principles for living.
If the translation seems somewhat quaint, it's because it is. This is the mid-19th Century translation of George Long. It would have been nice of the publisher, Prometheus Books, to tell us what language Enchiridion was translated FROM. The original was written in Koine, Greek, the same language as the New Testament. Different from Classical Greek, this was the Lingua Franca of the Eastern Roman Empire.
not the best translation available.......2006-01-05
Funny Amazon should offer us to buy this book together with Handbook of Epictetus (White translation) when these two are in fact one and the same book, different translators and different supplemental background info/comments. Of course I only realized that when both books arrived and I compared them :(. One star to Amazon for that :((( As for the book, the reason I put it on my wish list last year was the fact that in the course of last 3 years I had to release and let go of many things (and people), and I had struggled with the conflict between fighting for what I want and never giving up (cause nothing is completely lost until we give up on it) and knowing when to let go. I reverted to stoic thought for strength to live without regret and feeling of loss. And while it helped me resolve some of my inner conflicts, I must warn you that this book is not writing of a self-help guru, its an actual philosohical work. Which is OK for me, but might not serve the same purpose for everyone that it did for me. As for the book itself, I do not prefer this particular translation. While I believe it sticks closer to Greek original, it is sometimes hard to follow. In addition, it does not contain much additional information on phylosophy of the age or comments to the text. All in all I believe this version to be better suited for a serious phylosophy student than general public.
Average customer rating:
- Robin Hard *revised* this translation
- Where's the proof reading?
- Comprehensive Stoicism
- Forget Jesus
- Tom Wolfe Knows
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Discourses of Epictetus
Epictetus
Manufacturer: NuVision Publications
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- Epictetus: A Stoic and Socratic Guide to Life
- Enchiridion
- Meditations (Penguin Classics)
- Letters from a Stoic (Penguin Classics)
- Handbook of Epictetus
ASIN: 1595479732 |
Book Description
Epictetus, a great philosopher taught the importance of control over one's own mind and will, for true happiness must not depend on things one cannot control. Unlike most philosophers, Epictetus taught not for the select few, but for the many and humble. This edition contains all 4 books.
Customer Reviews:
Robin Hard *revised* this translation.......2007-04-08
I didn't discover this until I had already purchased the book and was thumbing through it. From the book:
"Note on the text: The translation of Epictetus in this edition is based on Elizabeth Carter's translation of 1758 (Everyman edition, J. M. Dent, London and New York, 1910, reprinted 1926). This has been extensively revised by Robin Hard, following, except in a few minor points, the Greek text printed in the Loeb Classical Library edition (Greek text with English translation) prepared by W. A. Oldfather (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1925, reprinted 1946). Oldfather's Greek text is based substantially on that of H. Schenkl (second edition, Teubner, Leipzig, 1916). The fragments included here are those given by Schenkl. These have been generally accepted by scholars as the ones most likely to be based on Arrian's account of Epictetus. This selection differs significantly from that of Elizabeth Carter."
I have not read my copy yet, so the 3 stars is a "middle of the road/I don't know" rating (plus I'm a bit peeved that the description of the translation isn't quite accurate).
Where's the proof reading?.......2007-03-03
I read this edition of the DISCOURSES and gained much from Epictetus's timeless wisdom, but it was not easy. The material is difficult enough to follow for the novice reader without the multitude of typographical errors littered throughout the work. I kept hoping it would get better, but it didn't. By all means buy this book if you want to learn the philosophy of Epictetus, but be prepared for a messy read.
Comprehensive Stoicism.......2006-11-22
Stoicism is the Philosophy of Choice. It emphasizes emotional responsibility, physical and intellectual temperance, and spiritual connection to a world beyond thoughts and words. The basics tenets of all Stoics are as follows:
- I always have a choice. My impulses, whether emotionally or physically based, can be controlled by my Will. I can choose to react to them or to ignore them.
- The choices of others only effect me in so far as I allow them to effect me. I Will myself into the role of victim or victor. These are choices. No one can harm me.
- I choose to engage life rather than disengage from life. For a Will is best when it is tempered in action.
The texts included in this book, written by Arrian, cover a myriad examples of these principles applied in life, as well as a large set of refutations of what the author construes as contrary philosophies. (The schools of Cynicism and the Epicurean are the main adversaries here.) Of the current English editions available, the Everyman Library's version is by far the most comprehensive collection.
Why one of the reviewers below felt compelled to outline (rather clumsily) the differences between Epictetus and Jesus is beyond my field of study, but I can say that I find the two "philosophies" (for, in truth, Jesus offers not just a philosophy but a faith) quite complimentary. Gandhi thought so too, and his philosophy of satyagraha was a rare combination of both. As any student of Stoicism will find, the one tenet missing from the Stoic lexicon is the following:
- I cannot say that he/she/it/they always has/have a choice.
Adding this statement to the lot makes for a healthier dose of compassion in the Stoic system, and decreases the risk of the Stoic becoming apathetic or wooden. (Both characteristics condemned by Epictetus.)
Readers who enjoy this work might also like Heraclitus's "Fragments" (although not a Stoic, he is oft quoted by Stoics as an antecedent "member" of the Stoic school), "Gandhi On Non-Violence", and Thich Nhat Hahn's "Living Buddha, Living Christ." They make interesting complimentary works.
Those looking for a list of Stoic literature should keep in mind that the genuine article is fairly spartan. Most were written by Romans or Roman subjects well after the deaths of the more imminent exemplars. Marcus Aurelius is a notable exception, as are Cicero and Seneca (although one might argue that these latter two were more apologists for Stoicism rather than actual Stoics.) As such, one often finds true Stoicism in daubs and subtle hues rather than in strong, available works. Look at Seneca's "On the Shortness of Life" or "Letters From a Stoic" to see what I mean.
Forget Jesus.......2005-10-24
Epictetus has all you'll ever need to know about life. A lame, former slave who was banished from Rome for refusing to cut his philosopher's beard, Epictetus was the most revered ancient teacher of the philosophy of Stoicism, the strong, resilient philosophy that gave rise to our modern notion of "the rights of man" and other such libertine principles. Said to be "more famous than Plato in his own day", Epictetus set up his school in Greece, where he gave lectures and engages his students in Socratic dialogue. The Discourses and the Handbook are the notes and sayings that his student Arian, the renowned ancient historian who wrote an invaluable biography on Alexander the Great, took down.
As an atheist, I sit in wonder as people of all stripes gather around to pay homage to Jesus "the philosopher", even as Christians utilize his fiery condemnations of non-believers to ever lasting hell fire. As the pagan critic Celsus said, "We are told that Jesus judged the rich with the saying 'It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of god.' Yet we know that Plato expressed this very idea in a purer form when he said, 'It is impossible for an exceptionally good man to be exceptionally rich. 'Is one utterance more inspired than the other?" I, for my part, would say that Plato's aphorism, for it's brevity, clearness, and simplicity, is far more "inspired" than the confusing and nonsensical "parable" of Jesus. The same thing could be said when comparing Jesus to Epictetus a great many more times, along with the following points:
Epictetus never condemned his enemies to Hell, nor encouraged his followers to force non-believers into the fold
Epictetus offered us results in the here and now, as opposed to some mystical Heaven that none of us will ever see in our lifetime
Epictetus backed up his ideas through argumentation and reason, while Jesus merely appealed to his daddy in heaven for authority
Epictetus did not preach an imminent end of the world which failed to materialize
All considered, while Robert Funk and the Jesus seminar are out looking for the secular, politically correct "historical Jesus" and George Bush is engaged in more "Jesus philosophy" I for one will be sitting at the feet Epictetus, learning the true secret to happiness: learning to let go of what is not in our control.
Oh, by the way, I liked the book; you should buy it, too.
Tom Wolfe Knows.......2005-10-01
I discovered Epictetus following a library checkout of a book on tape by Tom Wolfe titled "A Man in Full" (1998)- a story about two men who met by chance in Atlanta and whose lives changed drastically and positively as one (an escaped convict) reluctantly taught the other (who was in his own personal crisis) the power of what he learned in prison from the teachings of Epictetus. I could see how the ideas Wolfe found in Epictetus might change people even as dramatically as happened in the novel so I read A. A. Long's, "Epictetus: A Stoic and Socratic Guide to Life" (2002, also rated five stars). Long wrote that the best translation was by Robin Hard (this edition). Epictetus wrote nothing (all we have are his student Adrian's lecture notes). He was a former slave recognized for his talent and educated in Nero's Court, later freed, and then exiled. He set up a school in Nicopolis, Greece, taught young men from well-to-do families about stoic philosphy and his reputation grew, resulting in requests for consultations - apparently even from Emperor Hadrian. What I learned from this book is why happiness is an attainable state of mind instead of an occurance and a rational, pragmatic approach. In my field, Epictetus has been described as a pioneer of rational-emotive and cognitive-behavioral therapy (especially the former) and I would support this view. He is an amazing teacher.
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Discourses, Books 1-2 (Loeb Classical Library)
Epictetus
Manufacturer: Loeb Classical Library
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ASIN: 0674991451 |
Book Description
Epictetus was a crippled Greek slave of Phrygia during Nero's reign (AD 54-68) who heard lectures by the Stoic Musonius before he was freed. Expelled with other philosophers by the emperor Domitian in 89 or 92 he settled permanently in Nicopolis in Epirus. There, in a school which he called 'healing place for sick souls', he taught a practical philosophy, details of which were recorded by Arrian, a student of his, and survive in four books of Discourses and a smaller Encheiridion, a handbook which gives briefly the chief doctrines of the Discourses. He apparently lived into the reign of Hadrian (AD 117-138).</p>
Epictetus was a teacher of Stoic ethics, broad and firm in method, sublime in thought, and now humorous, now sad or severe in spirit. How should one live righteously? Our god-given will is our paramount possession, and we must not covet others'. We must not resist fortune. Man is part of a system; humans are reasoning beings (in feeble bodies) and must conform to god's mind and the will of nature. Epictetus presents us also with a pungent picture of the perfect (Stoic) man.</p>
The Loeb Classical Library edition of Epictetus is in two volumes.</p>
Customer Reviews:
Grassroots Philosophy.......2006-01-11
Epictetus' "Discourses Books 1 and 2" are a solid exposition of his Stoic philosophy. The ideas are grassroots and grounded in the real world, though attempting to achieve some awareness of individual transcendance. Written by Arrian, one of Epistetus' students, it is an excellent resource.
Arrian's Epictetus basically starts by ripping common conceptions apart and undermining those things that we all take for granted or think little about. The fear of death, misfortune, opinions of others and much more come under fire from Epictetus. He also spends some time establishing the nature of philosophy and what it is all about. It is after this that Arrianus gets into the more developed teachings of Epictetus. It is in this section that he deals extensively with moral purpose, external impressions and other more detailed Stoic ideas.
Oldfather's translation can seem a bit strange at first, as he seems to have followed the original Greek forms as closely as possible. This makes for a style of English that can be a little perplexing at first, though you will soon get used to it.
While the footnotes are sparse, the book does not need any more. They are very useful for explaining the references to other ancient works, or explaining some points that one might find difficult.
The philosophy in this book presents itself as dealing with the real world, and is quite useful to anyone interested in ethics. It is also an easily understood work, thus it is well suited to people who are not experienced with broader philosophy and are looking for somewhere to start.
Bottom line, this is a great book and one that you will be able to read repeatedly and still gain something from each reading. I had a great time reading it, and was thoroughly challenged by it.
As others have noted............2002-01-31
reading and understanding the Discourses is not difficult. The points are driven home time after time, with one excellent example after another. There is so much common sense wisdom in these pages that you will find yourself constantly stopping to examine a passage and easily applying it to a situation in your own life.
But as has been said many times, living the Discourses is really tough. As you apply the lessons, if you are anything like me, you will find yourself saying, "Well, there's another way I screw up in life."
But what the hell? You know yourself better as a person and you will also constantly find yourself saying, "That is something that is not in my control, now lets see if I can control the way I respond to what has happened."
I started reading Epictitus shortly after reading "A Man in Full" by Tom Wolfe. I love the notion that we find ourselves in these little prisons, (usually of our own making,) but the door is always open. If we choose to leave, nothing can stop us. But if we choose to stay, well then stop bitching and just get on with it.
Not just the Discourses.......2001-02-23
This is volume one of a two volume set. The second volume is "Epictetus : Discourses, Books 3 and 4 (Loeb Classical Library, No 218)". The contents for both volumes are as follows:
VOLUME I:
Introduction (editors)
Bibliography
Symbols
Discourses, Book I
Discourses, Book II
Index
VOLUME II:
Discourses, Book III
Discourses, Book IV
Fragments
Encheiridion
The first thing worth noting is that although the titles of the volume refer to just the Discourses, the set is really a complete set of extant works, including fragments from other sources as well as a complete copy of the Encheiridion.
As is typical for the Loeb classical library books, the volumes are physically small, and the original text (Greek, for Epictetus) is given on the left hand page, with the English translation on the right.
The Introduction gives a brief biography of Epictetus and background information concerning Stoic philosophy. The Bibliography (which contains an update note from the original 1925 edition) gives the state of Epictetus scholarship. In the actual texts, footnotes are abundant and explain unfamiliar names, places, difficulties with translation, uncertainties about the source text, and Epictetus' quotes from earlier writers are more fully referenced. In summation, the background material supplied with these books is excellent.
As for the texts themselves, they were not actually written by Epictetus, but were notes taken by Arrian, one of his students (not unlike the Nicomachean Ethics, which were notes taken by a student of Aristotle). The Discourses are quite lively in style; Epictetus' personality and teaching style comes through vividly. This is not true of the Encheiridion, which Arrian abstracted from the Discourses and which had the life wrung out of it in the process.
The Discourses are not a well-organized body of work, as their origin might suggest. They are repetitive, and points that should have been grouped together logically are dispersed throughout.
The content is almost entirely ethical. Epictetus emphasizes the spark of divinity within man - that a man should always behave honourably. External things, such as wealth and power, are not things to be valued - they can be lost at any time, and are not worth a man's honour. Because his teachings are ethical, Epictetus is not concerned with what a man knows, but how he lives. The point isn't to understand his philosophy (which isn't hard), but to live it (which is).
Taking control of your life.......1997-03-02
This volume and its companion, listed as Discourses Books 3 and 4, are actually what survives of one work written almost 1900 years ago: the historian Arrian's recording of what he learned from his study with the premier Stoic philosopher of antiquity, Epictetus. The Discourses are, quite simply, a collection of some of the most down-to-earth, practical, beneficial teachings ever spoken: understanding what Epictetus said is easy; he is a lucid and forthright instructor: putting his teachings into practice is the difficulty. But the struggle is worthwhile: practicing Stoicism is not "a denial of the self", but rather a freeing of the self from the dictatorship of things beyond our control. Epictetus teaches us how to see the world as it really is; how to see ourselves as we really are; and to understand how we can live at peace within chaos. [More information under my review of the Everyman's Library edition.
Book Description
This scarce antiquarian book is included in our special Legacy Reprint Series. In the interest of creating a more extensive selection of rare historical book reprints, we have chosen to reproduce this title even though it may possibly have occasional imperfections such as missing and blurred pages, missing text, poor pictures, markings, dark backgrounds and other reproduction issues beyond our control. Because this work is culturally important, we have made it available as a part of our commitment to protecting, preserving and promoting the world's literature.
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- Relevant wisdom for the 21st Century
- Pure jewel on the path of the heart
- So Much Wisdom
- Knowledge and truths of the ages and our country's founding principles
- "A great little 30 minute read!"
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A Manual for Living (A Little Book of Wisdom)
Epictetus
Manufacturer: HarperSanFrancisco
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ASIN: 0062511114 |
Book Description
The essence of perennial Stoic wisdom in aphorisms of stunning insight and simplicity. The West's first and best little instruction book offers thoroughly contemporary and pragmatic reflections on how best to live with serenity and joy.
Customer Reviews:
Relevant wisdom for the 21st Century.......2007-04-15
Sharon Lebell's paraphrases of the Roman Stoic Epictetus are convincingly presented in this little guidebook. Much of the core Stoic philosophy is translated for us in this brief but philosophically weighty interpretation: See things for what they are; guard against a false sense of self-importance; practice indifference to external conditions; the life of wisdom demands its price; speak impeccably; you become what you give your attentions to; action is what counts, not talk; practice tact and tolerance; wisdom depends upon vigilance.
Highly recommended. And a very quick read.
Epictetus also recommends the study of Heraclitus and Diogenes, his philosophical ancestors.
Extracts: A Field Guide for Iconoclasts
Pure jewel on the path of the heart.......2007-01-10
This small book contains concise and easy to verify life's truths which enhance our joy of life.It allows to readers and practitioners to choose consciously between boring, bitter, sour and sterile or sweet and fulfilling life under any circumstances.It can be used from time to time or daily as handy helper and worthy reminder on the paths of everyday life. This jewel of wisdom gives a powerful thrust adequate for both; young ones and adults,giving them immense support and leaving them absolute freedom traveling the path of the heart.
So Much Wisdom.......2006-06-17
The remarkable thing about this book is it contains so much wisdom in so few words. It truly lives up to its title - A Manual For Living.
If there is any fault to be found with the book it would be in its brevity. I have read many books that say less in four times the number of words.
It is really amazing that so many of the truths of living a purposeful life filled with happiness have been around for so long. We struggle with day to day problems because we fail to seek the answers contained in this book.
It is also amazing that most of todays graduates of institutions of higer learning do not possess the wisdom that Epictetus did. We seem to have become a nation concentrating on acquiring knowledge without learning how to apply that knowledge. Epictetus shows us the way to achieve our purpose in life. To achieve freedom, which he says is the ultimate way to live.
Some of the better lessons are:
You become what you give your attention to.
Think things through and fully commit!
A half-hearted spirit has no power. Tentative efforts lead to tentative outcomes.
Wise people on the other hand realise that we are the source of everything good or bad.
It you want all the wisdom without an excessive amount of reading, this book is for you. It is short enough you can read it weekly and let the concepts sink into your subconscious mind where they can lead you to the life you were designed to live.
Knowledge and truths of the ages and our country's founding principles.......2005-10-31
Only a three star average, what a shame. A great book for every human being to read and heed. Not enough people care about the great historical minds, beliefs and philosophies of the past upon which society has been so much benefited anymore. Perhaps that is why we, and our leaders, fail so much today.
I have studied philosophies throughout my lifetime in search of basic truths and the founding philosophies of our beginning and the establishment of this great country of ours. If one can put aside partisan, political and special interest irrational distain for the truth for a moment any student of the same knows that they (our founding fathers and mothers) were well read and well schooled on the great philosophies of the past and those of their present. It is amazing the amount of accumulated knowledge one can obtain without video games, television, epodes, cell phones, radio, the internet and the distractions of a hedonistic Hollywood entertainment industry in their lives.
Here in this little book are many of the founding set of principles for the American Dream. Surely it is not the single source of the wisdom of the ages or the definitive foundation that the drafters of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States used to produce this nation, but certainly one of the cornerstones in that logical process.
Other reviewers incorrectly, I believe, associate it with Freudian teachings and others find it far too simple and morally founded to fit into their "far too liberal" ideologies.
But one of its basic tenants that "Understanding what freedom really is and how it is achieved" is the key to all past logic. Also, that "freedom is not the right or ability to do whatever you please (a logic applied by our very first Supreme Court Justice...John Jay). But more "freedom comes from understanding the limits of our own power and the natural limits set in place by divine providence."
Sound familiar, it certainly should, it could have been take right out of the discussions during the fight for independence and the drafting of our most basic document, the Declaration of Independence.
Lebell has certainly capture more of the inner man than Nicholas White's Handbook on Epictetus and those critics who previously said Lebell did not stay true to Epictetus' writings are way off base as he did not leave any writings and it all comes to us second hand and with that prejudices, personal baggage and misread interpretations.
So as we all must decide which we will agree with I choose this wonderful "Little book of wisdom on how to live well." The logic in this interpretation certainly flows better and is proven by those who followed Epictetus than the Nay-Sayers who criticize it and its accuracy.
Good job Sharon, I may indeed carry this treasure with me as an aid and comfort
"A great little 30 minute read!".......2003-05-08
So what if this book veers away from Epictetus' original 2000 year old manuscript. So what if Sharon Lebell interjected some modern philosophy... The point is, this is just good common sense, positive attitude stuff. I liked it. If you like short, feel good commentary, you will too!
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- Excellent
- a tribute to a great American hero
- Putting stoic theory to the test
- This is not a story...
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Courage Under Fire: Testing Epictetus's Doctrines in a Laboratory of Human Behavior (Hoover Essays, No. 6)
James B. Stockdale
Manufacturer: Hoover Institution Press
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ASIN: 0817936920 |
Book Description
"On September 9, 1965, I flew at 500 knots right into a flak trap, at tree-top level, in a little A-4 airplanet—the cockpit walls not even three feet apart—which I couldn't steer after it was on fire, its control system shot out. After ejection I had about thirty seconds to make my last statement in freedom before I landed in the main street of a little village right ahead. And so help me, I whispered to myself: 'five years down there, at least. I'm leaving the world of technology and entering the world of Epictetus' "What Epictetus [told] his students was that there can be no such thing as being the 'victim' of another. You can only be a 'victim' of yourself. It's all how you discipline your mind."</p>
Customer Reviews:
Excellent.......2006-07-29
This essay is a short, clear introduction to the philosophy of stoicism. It is proof that the ideals of the philosophy can be of real use outside the classroom. It is also an awe inspiring example leadership, patriotism, loyalty, and honour.
a tribute to a great American hero.......2005-08-22
it gives an approach to the war that is not normally available in the words of a ranking officer that lived through the most terrible of experiences.
Putting stoic theory to the test.......2005-01-18
I understand that the reviews are all over the place, you need to know what you are getting. If you are looking for an essay of surviving in the world of Epictetus this is IT, as I was looking for more reading by Stockdale, I was really moved by the "Thoughts of a philosophical fighter pilot" (in which you will find this essay as a chapter). If the essay is all you need to study, go for it, for a little more money go for the "Thoughts..."
This is not a story..........2003-11-07
as the previous reviewer states, but rather an essay. I mention that just to let you the would be buyer know, that you are getting a 21 page essay in a pamphlet format. It would have made a great book, and a great story. That is what I thougt I was buying. As for the essay itself; having read the sample pages, I was hoping for insights into how he used the philosphies of Epictetus to handle the events of his imprisonment. He does this only in a general sense.
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The Epictetus Club: Lessons from the Walls
Jeff Traylor
Manufacturer: Papillon Press
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Binding: Paperback
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ASIN: 0941467090 |
Product Description
Take a fascinating look inside the old Ohio Penitentiary as you follow a group of inmates who meet weekly under the tutelage of a lifer named Zeno in a group called the Epictetus Club. The inmates study the teachings of this Greek philosopher, and with the help of his ancient wisdom they meet the daily challenges of their lives. Learning to think outside the limits of their own literal walls as they struggle to redeem themselves, the club members show us how to think beyond our own self-imposed limitations and comfort zones.
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The Apology, Phaedo and Crito of Plato; Golden Sayings of Epictetus; Meditations of Marcus Aurelius (Harvard Classics, Part 2)
Plato
Manufacturer: Kessinger Publishing
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ASIN: 0766182096 |
Book Description
1909. Contents: The Apology, Phaedo and Crito of Plato translated by Benjamin Jowett. The Golden Sayings of Epictetus translated by Hastings Crossley. The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Translated by George Long.
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